Brain Inj 27(4):394–398įederico A, Maier A, Vianello G, Mapelli D, Trentin M, Zanette G, Picelli A, Gandolfi M, Tamburin S (2015) Screening for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: comparison of the Italian versions of three neuropsychological tests. Wong GK, Ngai K, Lam SW, Wong A, Mok V, Poon WS (2013) Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for traumatic brain injury patients with intracranial haemorrhage. Tu QY, Jin H, Ding BR, Yang X, Lei ZH, Bai S, Zhang YD, Tang XQ (2013) Reliability, validity, and optimal cutoff score of the Montreal cognitive assessment (Changsha version) in ischemic cerebrovascular disease patients of human province, China. Lam B, Middleton LE, Masellis M, Stuss DT, Harry RD, Kiss A, Black SE (2013) Criterion and convergent validity of the Montreal cognitive assessment with screening and standardized neuropsychological testing. Smith T, Gildeh N, Holmes C (2007) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: validity and utility in a memory clinic setting. Oudman E, Postma A, Van der Stigchel S, Appelhof B, Wijnia JW, Nijboer TC (2014) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is superior to the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in detection of Korsakoff’s syndrome. Wong GK, Lam SW, Wong A, Ngai K, Poon WS, Mok V (2013) Comparison of Montreal cognitive assessment and mini-mental state examination in evaluating cognitive domain deficit following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. ĭamian AM, Jacobson SA, Hentz JG, Belden CM, Shill HA, Sabbagh MN, Caviness JN, Adler CH (2011) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the mini-mental state examination as screening instruments for cognitive impairment: item analyses and threshold scores. Skorvanek M, Goldman JG, Jahanshahi M, Marras C, Rektorova I, Schmand B, van Duijn E, Goetz CG, Weintraub D, Stebbins GT, Martinez-Martin P, members of the MDS Rating Scales Review Committee (2018) Global scales for cognitive screening in Parkinson's disease: critique and recommendations. Santangelo G, Russo A, Trojano L, Falco F, Marcuccio L, Siciliano M, Conte F, Garramone F, Tessitore A, Tedeschi G (2016) Cognitive dysfunctions and psychological symptoms in migraine without aura: a cross-sectional study. McLennan SN, Mathias JL, Brennan LC, Stewart S (2011) Validity of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) as a screening test for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a cardiovascular population. Godefroy O, Fickl A, Roussel M, Auribault C, Bugnicourt JM, Lamy C, Canaple S, Petitnicolas G (2011) Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment superior to the mini-mental state examination to detect poststroke cognitive impairment? A study with neuropsychological evaluation. Videnovic A, Bernard B, Fan W, Jaglin J, Leurgans S, Shannon KM (2010) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening tool for cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Gagnon JF, Postuma RB, Joncas S, Desjardins C, Latreille V (2010) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: a screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in REM sleep behavior disorder. Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bédirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I, Cummings JL, Chertkow H (2005) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. Specifically developed normative data must be adopted for using MoCA in serial cognitive assessments for clinical and research studies. The three MoCA forms are not strictly parallel. Correlation analysis showed strong correlations of MoCA 2 ( r = 0.69, p < .001) and MoCA 3 ( r = 0.61, p < .001) adjusted total scores with MMSE adjusted scores. Inferential cutoff for adjusted scores, estimated using a non-parametric technique, were 17.49 for MoCA 2 and 18.34 for MoCA 3. From the derived linear equation, correction grids for MoCA 2 and 3 raw scores were built and equivalent scores computed. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age and education significantly influenced MoCA 2 and 3 total scores. ResultsĪ three-step procedure complemented by confirmatory factor analysis and a mixed factorial ANOVA suggested that the three MoCA versions are not strictly parallel. Three separate convenience samples were recruited: the first ( n = 78) completed three alternate MoCA versions for ascertaining inter-form parallelism the second ( n = 302) and the third ( n = 413) samples were administered MoCA 2 or 3 to compute normative data. Alternate forms of the MoCA were developed to avoid “learning effect” in serial assessments, and the present study aimed at investigating inter-form parallelism and at providing normative values for the Italian versions of MoCAs 2 and 3. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening test widely used in clinical practice and suited for detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment.
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